Factors that Influence South Asian Cardiac Patients’ Medication Adherence

Abstract

South Asians experience high rates of cardiovascular disease. Medications are a major component of chronic disease management. A systematic literature review revealed factors that contributed to medication non-adherence with South Asians. Content analysis strategies were used for the synthesis. Thirteen papers were in the final set with medication side-effects, cost, forgetfulness and language barriers contributing to non-adherence. Inconsistent methodologies and scant information on immigrant factors within the Canadian context led to further exploration. An ethnographic study was conducted between January to September 2012. Observations and interviews were conducted with South Asian cardiac patients, as well as physicians, pharmacists and staff. Fieldnote and interview data were transcribed and analyzed using ethnographic domains and cultural themes. South Asian cardiac patients relied on family members for instrumental support. Medication adherence was enhanced when relationships with healthcare professionals demonstrated clear communication and cultural awareness. Memory mechanisms need to be individualized and were generally ‘low technology’.