Climate Change and Migration Policy: An Analysis of the Gaps in the Canadian Response

Abstract

This paper investigates the need for a Canadian public policy approach to climate migration. Using a literature review and undertaking two case studies, this paper reviews and compares the existing policy environment, applicable legal frameworks, and academic consensus on the climate-migrant nexus. Using the literature, similarities and differences between jurisdictions will be identified and used to facilitate a discussion regarding the possibilities for a Canadian climate migration framework. This paper finds that without public policy developments, Canada will be unable to provide substantive support and protection of climate migrants. Using an analysis of American and European frameworks, this paper concludes with four recommendations that will allow Canada to join and affect change on the international dialogue on climate migration.